Trout India
Trout farming in India is primarily concentrated in the Himalayan and hill regions, with Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and parts of southern India like Tamil Nadu and Kerala being key areas due to the availability of cold, well-oxygenated water from snow-fed streams and rivers Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) are the main species farmed, with rainbow trout being the dominant cultivable species in the Indian Himalayan regions.
The development of trout farming was initiated during British colonial rule for recreational fishing, but it has evolved into a commercial venture for table fish production Major infrastructure support has come from international collaborations, including projects funded by Norway and the European Union, which helped transfer technology, improve feed formulations, and train local personnel The National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) and other agencies have since invested in hatcheries, feed mills, and raceways, with over 62 government-run trout farms and 32 hatcheries established across seven states The government has also notified the development of cold-water fisheries clusters in Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Uttarakhand, and Himachal Pradesh to promote the sector
A significant breakthrough occurred in January 2026 with the establishment of India’s first commercial tropical trout farm in Hyderabad, Telangana, by Smart Green Aquaculture Ltd This Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)-based facility demonstrates that high-value cold-water species like rainbow trout can be farmed year-round in tropical climates using advanced water recirculation and precision engineering technologies, challenging the traditional geographic limitations of trout farming
Despite progress, challenges remain, including the need for improved broodstock management, feeding practices, health management, and reliable supply of quality seed and feed Marketing and value addition are underdeveloped, with most production sold locally, though new trade channels are expected as production expands The government continues to drive the sector through strategic investments, aiming to transform trout farming from subsistence practices into a technology-driven, market-oriented industry.
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